Canada's cyber spy agency is warning power companies

banks and other critical elements of Canada's infrastructure and economy to shore up their defences against Russia-based cyber threat activity as the Western world responds to Moscow's invasion of Ukraine.

In a statement Thursday, the Communications Security Establishment said that "in light of Russia's ongoing, unjustified military offensive in Ukraine," it "strongly encourages all Canadian organizations to take immediate action and bolster their online cyber defences."

Dan Rogers, deputy chief of foreign signals intelligence at CSE, said the agency is watching for cyber threat activity directed at critical infrastructure networks, including those in the financial and energy sectors.

"I don't know that I would say that we're expecting an increase but I would say, regardless of the context, we have seen and called out Russian cyber activity in the past as being reckless," Rogers told a media briefing Thursday afternoon.

"When we have a situation like we have now with Russia engaged in a conflict, we want to make sure that Canadian institutions have every mechanism possible to help defend themselves."

Trudeau announces sanctions to punish Russia for its 'horrific' attack on Ukraine

Explosions heard across Ukraine as Russia launches military attack

The agency said it has been sharing cyber threat intelligence with key partners in Ukraine and is working with the Canadian Armed Forces through intelligence sharing, cyber security and cyber operations.

The agency said that while it's not aware of any specific threats to Canadian organizations related to events in and around Ukraine, it pointed to a historical pattern of cyber attacks on Ukraine also hitting other countries.

For example, in 2017 CSE blamed Russian operatives for launching the NotPetya malware which was primarily meant to target Ukraine but also attacked financial, energy, government, and infrastructure sectors around the world.

Thursday's warning is the third from the agency this year. It issued a threat bulletin in January and another earlier this month directed at critical infrastructure operators.

Earlier Thursday, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced a new suite of sanctions on Russian entities after President Vladimir Putin launched a series of unprovoked attacks on Ukraine.

'Mission critical' systems

Ken Barker, a professor of computer science at the University of Calgary, said the threat posed by Russia ought to compel Canadian authorities to take cyber defences more seriously.

"If we feel compelled to do it now, we should have felt compelled to do it two weeks ago," he said.

"Because ultimately, these systems are vulnerable and they're mission critical to the country, so we really do need to make sure that we make investments in securing and protecting them as we go forward."

Barker said one of those points of vulnerability is the linkage between operational and information technology systems.

"It's endemic throughout all of our critical infrastructures, whether that's energy, hydro, about anything that basically lights up the house or warms it," he said.

"If nobody can get access to that physically, it's safe in and of itself. The problem is what then happens is information technology is now linked to it to make it run more efficiently ... So now you have what's called the IT/OT vulnerability."

CSE said operators should be prepared to isolate critical infrastructure components and services from the internet and internal networks if those components "could be considered attractive for a hostile threat to disrupt."

It's calling on vulnerable organizations to be more vigilant by monitoring networks to quickly spot any unexpected or unusual network behaviour, and to have continuity plans for disruptions.

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